Post by deepthi on Sept 2, 2015 14:45:08 GMT
OLANZAPINE
a) Is the medication a typical / atypical antipsychotic?
-Atypical Antipsychotic.
b) Common brand names :
-Zyprexa.
c) Normal dose range:
-The recommended starting dose is 5 to 10mg administered as a single daily dose without regard to meals. It can be adjusted by the doctor within the range of 5 to 20mg daily.
d) Common side effects:
-Drowsiness
.
-Restlessness or difficulty sitting still
.
-Symptoms of sunburn (such as redness, itching, swelling or blistering of the skin) which occur more quickly than normal
.
-Rash
.
-Allergic reaction
.
-Slow heart beat
.
-Prolonged and/or painful erection
.
-Unusual secretion of breast milk.
-Breast enlargement
.
-Symptoms of high sugar levels in the blood (including passing large amounts of urine, excessive thirst, having a dry mouth and skin and weakness). These may indicate the onset or worsening of diabetes reaction following abrupt discontinuation (profuse sweating, nausea or vomiting)
.
-Absence of menstrual periods and changes in the regularity of menstrual periods
.
-Involuntary passing of urine or difficulty in initiating urination
.
-Unusual hair loss or thinning.
-Weight gain
.
-Dizziness
.
-Increased appetite
.
-Constipation
.
-Dry mouth
.
-Swelling of your hands, feet and ankles
.
-Unusual tiredness or weakness.
*Elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis may notice the following side effects:
-Unusual manner of walking
.
-Falls
.
-Pneumonia
.
-Involuntary passing of urine
.
*Some patients with Parkinson's disease may hallucinate (see, feel or hear things that are not there) or develop worsening symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
*Patients with bipolar mania taking Olanzapine in combination with lithium or valproate may notice the following additional side effects:
-Tremors
.
-Speech disorder.
e) Contraindications
-Olanzepine is contraindicated in those patients with a known hypersensitivity to any ingredient of the product.
-Patients with low leucocyte and/or neutrophil count( drug induced bone marrow depression or toxicity).
-Hepatic impairment.
-Use cautiously in patients with history of seizures.
-DIsease of the blood vessels of the brain, including stroke
.
- Prostate problems
.
- Kidney or liver disease
.
- High blood sugar, diabetes or a family history of diabetes
.
- Breast cancer or a family history of breast cancer
.
- Paralytic ileus, a condition where the small bowel does not work properly.
-Glaucoma, a condition in which there is usually a build up of fluid in the eye
.
- Heart disease, including irregular heart rhythm
.
- Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, a reaction to some medicines with a sudden increase in body temperature, extremely high blood pressure and severe convulsions
.
- Tardive dyskinesia, a reaction to some medicines with uncontrollable twitching or jerking movements of the arms and legs.
-If pregnant or intend to become pregnant soon.
-If breastfeeding.
-If suffering from lactose intolerance.
-Olanzepine is not recommended in children under 18years .
f) Special monitoring / nursing care requirements
-closely monitor mental status and blood pressure
- use cautiously in individuals with prolonged QT interval, CV disease, cerebrovascular disease, dehydration, hypovolaemia, history seizures, exposure to extreme heat or conditions that could affect metabolism or haemodynamic responses
-monitor blood glucose levels closely in individuals with history of diabetes mellitus
-monitor for tardive dyskinesia, which may occur after prolonged use
-Alert: Watch for neuroleptic malignant syndrome (extrapyramidal effects, hyperthermia, autonomic disturbance). It is rare but usually fatal. it is not necessarily related to length of drug use or type of neuroleptic; elevated levels of creatinine, phosphokinase are associated with neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
-Drug may increase serum prolactin level
g) Education requirements for patients / families / carers
*Inform the patient/family/carer what to tell the doctor before the patient starts the medication about:
1. Any allergic reaction to any medicine which you have taken previously to treat your current condition.
2. You are pregnant or intend to become pregnant. Olanzepine is not recommended for use in pregnancy. If you need to take Olanzepine
during pregnancy you should discuss the benefits and risks of taking it with your doctor.
3. You suffer from lactose intolerance because Olanzepine contain lactose.
4. You have kidney or liver disease, Parkinson's disease or fits (seizures).
5. You have problems with the heart and blood vessels.
6. You are breast feeding or plan to breast feed.
7. You have hyperglycaemia (high sugar levels in the blood) or a family history of diabetes. Your doctor may recommend monitoring your blood sugar levels while you are taking Olazepine.
8. You have any mental/mood changes or suicidal thoughts. Patients (and caregivers of patients) need to monitor for any worsening of their
condition and/or the development of thoughts of suicide, suicidal behaviour or
thoughts of harming themselves. Seek medical advice immediately if these symptoms present.
9. You have risk factors for stroke
10. Taking other medications , including any that you buy without a prescription from your pharmacy, supermarket or health food store
*Administration of medication:
-How much to take
-How to take it - Tablets with water. But never with cola drinks.
-When to take it - Take your prescribed dose at about the same time each day with or without food.
-How long to take it- It is important that you do NOT stop taking Olanzepine unless your doctor tells you.
-If you forget to take it - take your dose as soon as you remember, do not take a double dose to make up for the dose that you missed
-If you take to much - Immediately telephone your doctor or Australian Poisons Information Centre( 13 11 26 )
or go to Accident and Emergency at your nearest hospital.
*Things to be careful:
-Be cautious about driving and operating hazardous machinery as Olanzepine may cause somnolence.
-Do not give your medicaton to anyone else
.
-Make sure you keep cool in hot weather and keep warm in cool weather. Olanzapine may affect the way your body reacts to temperature changes.
-If outdoors, wear protective clothing and use at least a 15+ sunscreen. Olanzapine may cause your skin to be much more sensitive to sunlight than it is normally.Exposure to sunlight may cause a skin rash, itching, redness, or severe sunburn.
-Avoid alcohol intake.
-Store below 25*C.
-Keep away from light and moisture. (Keep your tablets in the blister pack until it is time to take them.
)
-All medicines should be kept where young children cannot reach them.
-Do not take Olanzapine after the expiry date on the pack has passed.
*Disposal:
-If your doctor tells you to stop taking Olanzapine or you find that the tablets have passed their expiry date, please return any left over tablets or wafers to your pharmacist.
REFERENCES
Better Health Channel. Olanzepine. Retrieved from www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcmed.nsf/cmipages/CMI10367
MIMS Annual 2015 Retrieved from www.mims.co.uk/drugs/central-nervous-system/psychosis-mania/zyprexa
a) Is the medication a typical / atypical antipsychotic?
-Atypical Antipsychotic.
b) Common brand names :
-Zyprexa.
c) Normal dose range:
-The recommended starting dose is 5 to 10mg administered as a single daily dose without regard to meals. It can be adjusted by the doctor within the range of 5 to 20mg daily.
d) Common side effects:
-Drowsiness
.
-Restlessness or difficulty sitting still
.
-Symptoms of sunburn (such as redness, itching, swelling or blistering of the skin) which occur more quickly than normal
.
-Rash
.
-Allergic reaction
.
-Slow heart beat
.
-Prolonged and/or painful erection
.
-Unusual secretion of breast milk.
-Breast enlargement
.
-Symptoms of high sugar levels in the blood (including passing large amounts of urine, excessive thirst, having a dry mouth and skin and weakness). These may indicate the onset or worsening of diabetes reaction following abrupt discontinuation (profuse sweating, nausea or vomiting)
.
-Absence of menstrual periods and changes in the regularity of menstrual periods
.
-Involuntary passing of urine or difficulty in initiating urination
.
-Unusual hair loss or thinning.
-Weight gain
.
-Dizziness
.
-Increased appetite
.
-Constipation
.
-Dry mouth
.
-Swelling of your hands, feet and ankles
.
-Unusual tiredness or weakness.
*Elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis may notice the following side effects:
-Unusual manner of walking
.
-Falls
.
-Pneumonia
.
-Involuntary passing of urine
.
*Some patients with Parkinson's disease may hallucinate (see, feel or hear things that are not there) or develop worsening symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
*Patients with bipolar mania taking Olanzapine in combination with lithium or valproate may notice the following additional side effects:
-Tremors
.
-Speech disorder.
e) Contraindications
-Olanzepine is contraindicated in those patients with a known hypersensitivity to any ingredient of the product.
-Patients with low leucocyte and/or neutrophil count( drug induced bone marrow depression or toxicity).
-Hepatic impairment.
-Use cautiously in patients with history of seizures.
-DIsease of the blood vessels of the brain, including stroke
.
- Prostate problems
.
- Kidney or liver disease
.
- High blood sugar, diabetes or a family history of diabetes
.
- Breast cancer or a family history of breast cancer
.
- Paralytic ileus, a condition where the small bowel does not work properly.
-Glaucoma, a condition in which there is usually a build up of fluid in the eye
.
- Heart disease, including irregular heart rhythm
.
- Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, a reaction to some medicines with a sudden increase in body temperature, extremely high blood pressure and severe convulsions
.
- Tardive dyskinesia, a reaction to some medicines with uncontrollable twitching or jerking movements of the arms and legs.
-If pregnant or intend to become pregnant soon.
-If breastfeeding.
-If suffering from lactose intolerance.
-Olanzepine is not recommended in children under 18years .
f) Special monitoring / nursing care requirements
-closely monitor mental status and blood pressure
- use cautiously in individuals with prolonged QT interval, CV disease, cerebrovascular disease, dehydration, hypovolaemia, history seizures, exposure to extreme heat or conditions that could affect metabolism or haemodynamic responses
-monitor blood glucose levels closely in individuals with history of diabetes mellitus
-monitor for tardive dyskinesia, which may occur after prolonged use
-Alert: Watch for neuroleptic malignant syndrome (extrapyramidal effects, hyperthermia, autonomic disturbance). It is rare but usually fatal. it is not necessarily related to length of drug use or type of neuroleptic; elevated levels of creatinine, phosphokinase are associated with neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
-Drug may increase serum prolactin level
g) Education requirements for patients / families / carers
*Inform the patient/family/carer what to tell the doctor before the patient starts the medication about:
1. Any allergic reaction to any medicine which you have taken previously to treat your current condition.
2. You are pregnant or intend to become pregnant. Olanzepine is not recommended for use in pregnancy. If you need to take Olanzepine
during pregnancy you should discuss the benefits and risks of taking it with your doctor.
3. You suffer from lactose intolerance because Olanzepine contain lactose.
4. You have kidney or liver disease, Parkinson's disease or fits (seizures).
5. You have problems with the heart and blood vessels.
6. You are breast feeding or plan to breast feed.
7. You have hyperglycaemia (high sugar levels in the blood) or a family history of diabetes. Your doctor may recommend monitoring your blood sugar levels while you are taking Olazepine.
8. You have any mental/mood changes or suicidal thoughts. Patients (and caregivers of patients) need to monitor for any worsening of their
condition and/or the development of thoughts of suicide, suicidal behaviour or
thoughts of harming themselves. Seek medical advice immediately if these symptoms present.
9. You have risk factors for stroke
10. Taking other medications , including any that you buy without a prescription from your pharmacy, supermarket or health food store
*Administration of medication:
-How much to take
-How to take it - Tablets with water. But never with cola drinks.
-When to take it - Take your prescribed dose at about the same time each day with or without food.
-How long to take it- It is important that you do NOT stop taking Olanzepine unless your doctor tells you.
-If you forget to take it - take your dose as soon as you remember, do not take a double dose to make up for the dose that you missed
-If you take to much - Immediately telephone your doctor or Australian Poisons Information Centre( 13 11 26 )
or go to Accident and Emergency at your nearest hospital.
*Things to be careful:
-Be cautious about driving and operating hazardous machinery as Olanzepine may cause somnolence.
-Do not give your medicaton to anyone else
.
-Make sure you keep cool in hot weather and keep warm in cool weather. Olanzapine may affect the way your body reacts to temperature changes.
-If outdoors, wear protective clothing and use at least a 15+ sunscreen. Olanzapine may cause your skin to be much more sensitive to sunlight than it is normally.Exposure to sunlight may cause a skin rash, itching, redness, or severe sunburn.
-Avoid alcohol intake.
-Store below 25*C.
-Keep away from light and moisture. (Keep your tablets in the blister pack until it is time to take them.
)
-All medicines should be kept where young children cannot reach them.
-Do not take Olanzapine after the expiry date on the pack has passed.
*Disposal:
-If your doctor tells you to stop taking Olanzapine or you find that the tablets have passed their expiry date, please return any left over tablets or wafers to your pharmacist.
REFERENCES
Better Health Channel. Olanzepine. Retrieved from www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcmed.nsf/cmipages/CMI10367
MIMS Annual 2015 Retrieved from www.mims.co.uk/drugs/central-nervous-system/psychosis-mania/zyprexa
